4.1
Participating in decision-making processes related to REDD+ and other forest climate reduction projects.
4.2
Participating in the implementation of REDD+ and other forest climate reduction projects.
4.3
Fair and transparent sharing of benefits from the implementation of REDD+ and other forest climate mitigation projects.
4.4
Participating in the monitoring and evaluation of REDD+ and other forest climate reduction projects.
4.5
Stakeholders are strengthened to participate effectively in REDD+ and other forest climate mitigation projects.
Full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders
All stakeholders and genders should be encouraged and supported to effectively participate in REDD+ and other forest-based climate mitigation processes, especially the local communities, ethnic groups, and vulnerable groups in the community. The level of participation should include participation in decision-making processes, implementation processes, benefit sharing, and monitoring and evaluation. Appropriate measures should be undertaken to provide information and increase capacity of stakeholders; especially the local communities, ethnic groups, and vulnerable groups; to be able to effectively participate at every stage of planning, implementation and evaluation.
Principle
Stakeholders are involved in the full and efficient process of REDD+ and other forest-based climate mitigation programs in Thailand.
-The individual’s and community's right to manage and participate in the management of natural resources and environment are recognized in Section 43, Section 57 (2), Section 58, Section 72 of the current Constitution of Thailand, especially in Section 43 highlights a person and community have the right to maintain, manage, and use of natural resources, the environment, and biodiversity in a balanced and sustainable manner in accordance with the methods prescribed by law. This may be carried out by themselves or jointly with local administrative organizations or the state. While state duties and policies are defined in Chapter 5 and 6, and the roles of Local Administrative Organization (LAO) are defined in Chapter 16 of the Constitution and details roles and responsibilities of LAOs are determined in the subsequent law on Determining Plans and Process of Decentralization to Local Government Organization Act B.E.2542 (1999).
- In the 20-year National Strategy B.E. 2561-2580 (2018-2037), social inclusion and public participation has been one of the core principles of the development and implementation of all strategies. For the National Strategy on Eco-friendly Development and Growth, the sub-strategies and guidelines specify participation of all sectors as one of the key elements leading to the success. In order to achieve effective participation the strategy highlights key measures include awareness raising, capacity building, improving related laws, inequality reduction, benefit distribution, improve justice mechanism and system, and environmental democracy, strengthening networks, ecological landscape planning, holistic planning for development projects, etc. Measures and actions are determined into relevant national master plans and national reform plans including the master plans under issue of enhancing values and cultures, lifelong human capacity development, social empowerment, sustainable growth, comprehensive management of the water system, and a reform plan on natural resource and environment.
- Similarly, the 13th National Economic and Social Development Plan B.E.2566-2570 (2023-2027) places importance to enhance enabling environment to ensure effective participation by setting five development goals include 1) Restructuring of production and service sector into an innovation-based economy, 2) Human resource development towards the global new era, 3) Creating a society of opportunity and fairness, 4) Transforming to sustainable production and consumption, 5) Enhancing country’s capacity to tackle changes and risks under the new context of the world. Strategies and measures that are proposed in related milestones such as; on smart and sustainable growth city there will be strengthening of local economy, enhance collaboration among public, private sector, local people and civil society groups in the town planning, development and disclose of information technology, enhance efficiency of land use, increase roles and capacity of local administrative organizations; on circular economy and low carbon society, it promotes better integration in the industrial process from upstream to downstream, increase income for community and farmer through circular economy (e.g. from waste management, biodiversity and cultural-based, and carbon sequestration), increase awareness, knowledge and skill for sustainable use of natural resources and energy, and sustainable consumption lifestyle; on reducing risks and impacts of natural disaster and climate change, it emphasizes better planning (e.g. town planning, land use planning, identifying risk area), increase the role of community, local administrative organization and private sector in management of natural resource and risk prevention and management, promote nature-based solutions and international cooperations.
- National Forest Policy B.E.2562 (2019) emphasizes integration and cohesion of the public sector across levels and ministries, and comprehensive classification of forests and development of national and area-based information technology as a basis for effective management. Participation of people and relevant agencies are required in the improvement of forest land boundary, and their roles in the sustainable conservation, management, and development of forest resources shall be promoted and supported. In addition, a just and appropriate conflict resolution process on forest land tenure and use shall be implemented considering the current laws and impacts on the ecosystem. Participation of all sectors also shall be supported in the forest restoration from setting up targets to monitoring and evaluation, resolving human-wildlife conflict, while supporting community forest is important as a mechanism for community and local empowerment and sustainable development of forest resources. The policy indicates there shall be National Forest Policy Committee permanently established by law, with the duty and authority to formulate the national forest resource management policy and plan, as well as to supervise, monitor, inspect, coordinate, and give advice to relevant sectors.
- Several laws in the forestry sector are improved to enhance participation of all sectors, the National Park Act B.E.2562 (2019) and Wildlife Preservation and Protection Act B.E.2562 (2019) require public hearing process when declaring a new or expanding a protected areas e.g. national park, wildlife sanctuary, non-hunting area, etc. (Section 8 of the NP Act, Section 48 of the WPP Act), and stakeholders shall be involved in the process to develop management plan of the area (Section 18 of the NP Act, and Section 52 of the WPP Act). Granting access and use rights of land in the protected areas for housing and agriculture, as well as for sustainable collection of non-timber forest products are indicated in both the National Park Act (Section 64 and 65), and Wildlife Preservation and Protection Act (Section 57 and 121). The detail process, conditions and measures are determined in the subordinate laws such as ministerial or department regulations and orders which are under public hearing and revision by the relevant committees. The national forest reserve areas and other forest areas under supervision of other government agencies will use a National Land Policy Committee Act B.E.2562 (2019) to support granting rights for the community to use land inside those forests, with a new national agency, Office of the National Land Policy Board established in 2021, to coordinate and ensure integration of all relevant agencies from national to provincial level in implementing of the law. In addition, Community Forest Act B.E.2562 (2019) will further support and enhance people’s participation in sustainable forest management in such areas.
- Other forestry laws and policies which are currently enforcing to ensure effective management and participation related to forest and land use management include a Program on Integrated State Land Boundary Map Improvement scale 1:4,000 (ONE MAP program) to improve and approve state land boundary line to be used by all relevant agencies; a Forest Act (No.8) B.E.2562 (2019) provides incentive for people to grow high economic value trees in their privately own lands. And there are several regulations have been approved during 2021-2022 on “sharing of carbon credit from reforestation, forest enrichment, conservation, and restoration in the state forest areas” by the key departments including RFD, DNP, and DMCR which clearly define benefit sharing in the form of carbon credits between the government and the private sectors and/or communities who develop and implement forest restoration projects in degraded forest areas assigned by the government.
- During 2021, the process for drafting National REDD+ Strategy (NRS) was launched including different studies in order to develop mechanisms to contribute to the drafting of NRS and support future REDD+ implementation in Thailand. The studies included 1) Study on drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, 2) Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA) and Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF), and 3) Benefit Sharing Mechanism (BSM), 4) Feedback and Grievance Redress Mechanism (FGRM), and 5) Safeguard Information System (SIS). The methodologies used in order to gather and analysis of relevant information, as well as collecting critical opinions and recommendations from stakeholders comprised of literature reviews, focus group meetings, in-depth interviews, expert consultations, multi-stakeholder consultations.
- Additional information about respecting protection D will be followed and verified using the following indicators.
4.1.2 Stakeholders in the management structure of REDD+ and other forest climate mitigation projects come from various sectors, including representatives from civil society organizations. private sector local community and ethnic groups (link data from indicators 2.1.1, 2.1. 2)
4.1.3 Number of Stakeholders by Stakeholder Groups Participated in Consultation and Strategy Development Action Plans/Action Plans at the National and Sub-Level Levels especially representatives from the local community ethnic group vulnerable group and different genders
4.2.2 Number of Stakeholders Participating in Project/Plan Implementation Classified by role/type of involvement (e.g. CF group, patrol, follow-up, etc.), especially local communities. ethnic group vulnerable group and different genders
4.3.2 Summary of benefits received/distributed by each stakeholder group especially local communities, ethnic groups and vulnerable groups from the implementation of national and sub-level projects/programs.
4.4.2 Capacity building plans developed at national and sub-national levels (Based on capacity building needs assessments) for key stakeholder groups. It has identified measures to support capacity for vulnerable stakeholder groups.
4.4.3 Number of capacity-building and awareness-raising activities (e.g. learning forums, training) organized at the national and sub-level levels including topics covered and number of participants (classified by stakeholder groups) especially representatives of the local community ethnic group and vulnerable groups (gender).
4.4.4 Number of community communicators and/or local facilitators who are trained and involved in information dissemination and capacity building activities in the project area.
4.1.1 National policies, laws and regulations recognize and support stakeholder participation in the planning and management of forests, land and the environment.
4.1.2 Stakeholders in the governance structure of REDD+ and other forest climate mitigation projects come from different sectors, including representatives from civil society organizations. Private business sector local community and ethnic groups (Linking data from indicators 2.1.1, 2.1 .2).
4.1.3 Number of stakeholders according to stakeholder groups participating in the consultation and strategy preparation. Action plans/implementation plans at the national and sub-national levels especially representatives from local communities ethnic group Vulnerable groups and various genders
4.2.1 Stakeholder maps are developed at national and sub-national levels to support effective participation and participation of projects/programs.
4.2.2 Number and roles of stakeholders participating in project/plan implementation. Classified by main stakeholder groups especially the local community ethnic group Vulnerable group and different genders
4.3.1 Benefit-sharing mechanisms at national and sub-national levels are developed to determine the form/type of benefits, both monetary and non-monetary. as well as how to distribute benefits specifically to local communities, ethnicities and vulnerable groups.
4.3.2 Summary of benefits received/distributed by each stakeholder group. especially local communities, ethnic groups and vulnerable groups from national and sub-national operations.
4.4.1 Establish steps or guidelines for national participation in monitoring and evaluating operations for application at all levels.
4.4.2 Summary of the roles of stakeholders and their participation in monitoring and evaluating projects/plans.
4.4.3 Satisfaction levels of various stakeholder groups with their participation in the following areas:
4.4.4 Number of community communicators and/or local facilitators who are trained and involved in information dissemination and capacity building activities in the project area.
4.5.1 National guidelines for stakeholder capacity building needs assessment have been developed for the projects/programmes to be implemented.
4.5.2 Capacity building plans developed at national and sub-national levels (from capacity building needs assessment) for key stakeholder groups It has identified measures to support capacity for vulnerable stakeholder groups.
4.5.3 Number of learning and training forums organized at the national level and number of participants according to the topics covered. (Classified by stakeholder groups, especially local community representatives ethnic group Vulnerable group gender)
4.5.4 Number of community communicators and/or local facilitators who have been trained and are involved in disseminating information and capacity building activities in the project area.
4.5.5 Number of grievances and resolved cases related to REDD+ and other forest climate mitigation projects. that lacks participation or leads to conflict
4.1.1 National policies, laws and regulations recognize and support stakeholder participation in the planning and management of forests, land and the environment.
4.1.2 Stakeholders in the governance structure of REDD+ and other forest climate mitigation projects come from different sectors, including representatives from civil society organizations. Private business sector local community and ethnic groups (Linking data from indicators 2.1.1, 2.1 .2).
4.1.3 Number of stakeholders according to stakeholder groups participating in the consultation and strategy preparation. Action plans/implementation plans at the national and sub-national levels especially representatives from local communities ethnic group Vulnerable groups and various genders
4.2.1 Stakeholder maps are developed at national and sub-national levels to support effective participation and participation of projects/programs.
4.2.2 Number and roles of stakeholders participating in project/plan implementation. Classified by main stakeholder groups especially the local community ethnic group Vulnerable group and different genders
4.3.1 Benefit-sharing mechanisms at national and sub-national levels are developed to determine the form/type of benefits, both monetary and non-monetary. as well as how to distribute benefits specifically to local communities, ethnicities and vulnerable groups.
4.3.2 Summary of benefits received/distributed by each stakeholder group. especially local communities, ethnic groups and vulnerable groups from national and sub-national operations.
4.4.1 Establish steps or guidelines for national participation in monitoring and evaluating operations for application at all levels.
4.4.2 Summary of the roles of stakeholders and their participation in monitoring and evaluating projects/plans.
4.4.3 Satisfaction levels of various stakeholder groups with their participation in the following areas:
4.4.4 Number of community communicators and/or local facilitators who are trained and involved in information dissemination and capacity building activities in the project area.
4.5.1 National guidelines for stakeholder capacity building needs assessment have been developed for the projects/programmes to be implemented.
4.5.2 Capacity building plans developed at national and sub-national levels (from capacity building needs assessment) for key stakeholder groups It has identified measures to support capacity for vulnerable stakeholder groups.
4.5.3 Number of learning and training forums organized at the national level and number of participants according to the topics covered. (Classified by stakeholder groups, especially local community representatives ethnic group Vulnerable group gender)
4.5.4 Number of community communicators and/or local facilitators who have been trained and are involved in disseminating information and capacity building activities in the project area.
4.5.5 Number of grievances and resolved cases related to REDD+ and other forest climate mitigation projects. that lacks participation or leads to conflict
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